Wai 5.6: THE VERB

Wai 5.6: THE VERB

Traditional grammarianrapbei hilthungni, “Lhou khat churbi klei mu´kyer heiya verb toubi ung. Maringa tloura verb ari affix doplhākbi nimanung compounding toubi sim modality heitoubi aspect markerraple kalhonni klei mani formrap heiya ungme. Maringa tloura bound rootrapni parts of speech muyerchangmaklei. Maringa tloura dākrei affixrap aya doplhākbi yenhoi tlou heini Maringa tlouwei verb hoirou.

                Lei, la, weise, khou, wurkhou, mak, kur, pi, lak, nga, laka, me, maklei, rou, wame, wa, rouwa, kurra, thorou …… anakshi.

Lei: Ani continuity touri kalleng kalleng suimakni chasundabi klei aya phungthutnara doplhākbi verb simlei.

• Kei chak chalei.
• Kul karthil lāngra kathuklei.
• Mothil Impālra kalei.

Sentencerap arou chalei, kathuklei, kalei tou arou lhou chasundabi klei heiya mutlei. Lhou hei luimakhui toukhi mutlei.

La: Ani completion, touri lhou hei churthutdurla tou heiya mutlei.

• Kei chak chala.

• Modun lhou chur luila.

Sentencerap arou chala, luila tou ani lhou hei churthutdurla tou muyerlei.

Weise: Ani intention, touri kneeng / ningchabi klei, heiya lhouri churthutmakhui toubi muyerlei.

• Kei chak chaweise.
• Kei Impālra kaweise.

Khou/wurkhou: Ani definitive, touri kanre-kandang, suimakni lhou hei churthutdurkhoula tou muyerlei.

• Kei Impālra kakhou.

• Keini lhangaimak lhou touwurkhou.

Mak: (i) Ani negative lhoubamrapya muyerlei.

• Kei angtu Impālra kamak.
• Medun angtu lhou churmak.

         (ii) khatni prohibition suffixes hoinikhi muyerlei.

• Keiyei hilra yenchanthungmak.

Makrou: Ani negative, kalhonni intention kyao muyerlei.

• Kei ninga Impāl kamakrou.
• Neiyei lhou hei keiri churmakrou.

Lak: Ani imperative, touri watlhou tounanung muyerlei.

• Keinung lailik khat pilak.

• Nang keiyei phailoura lhou churlak.

Khoulak: Ani watlhou tounanung heitoubi luikhounanung muyerlei.

• Impālra kabangnung cheem kumpāng wai teikhoulak.

               

Laka: Ani imperative hoiyanungkhi lhou hei khrangni chur heiya mu´kyer.

• Nang bi arou khrangni hunglaka.
• Asinunghak Impālra kalaka.

Lo: Ani ung nimanung parton tou heiya mu´kyer.

• Ara hungalo.

• Champái keinung beicha hei-mlānpilo.

• Keiya bei churtrungpilo.

Nga/wa: Ani watyilnei mu´kyer suffix hoilei.

• Ara hunga.
• Heira chawa.
• Hilra yenchanthunga.

Yaso: Ani hoiyaso toubi ningcha heiya muyerlei.

• Khyouramrei sholengpār pārriyaso.

Rilak: Ani lhou chur hei luirimak, churshundarilak tou muyerlei.

• Thlei yuktourilak.
• Chak yukcharilak.

Wase: Ani lhoubam kounakrou churmalna, phamalnawase toubi yunthut heiri.

• Loungākrilo, bungni hungmalnawase.

• Phailoura bungni loú trünmalnawase.

Piyeise: Ani lhoubam khatrou churtrungpiyeise toubi yunthut heiri.

• Koura, neiyei heengput thrümbangpiyeise.
• Moi, naiyei heeng sepiyeise.

Lame/Rame: Ani declarative suffix hoini muyerlei.

• Naiyei Heinoutrung bānkhat deekura.

• Kei chak chala.

Kyer: Ani thimi khatya lhou khat churthutkyer anakshira yrengchalei.

• Keini lhou aya churkyer.

Laksu/asu:            (1) Ani churlanungkhi beimak churmanungkhi beimak tou heinakshira yrengchalei.

• Keiya mlungkhaniyanungkhi mlungkhalaksu, keiri aihil tek chanthungmakrou.

                                (2) Khatni lhoubam khat suimakni churmak yamakme toubini dei thiminung pao-laa manthunnara yrengchalei.

• Kothil hei kai cheemra suimakni wawasu/waniyasu.
• Mothilnang yunlak, lhou hei suimakni churlaksu.

Thut/thuk: Ani baora, dāngra, pura urthut heinakshira yrengchalei.

• Dāngra wathukbi nungsha karháilaklo.
• Chapóngra cha hei théithutlak, saikhangra sai makkura.

Bāng: Ani thaklāngra urbāngyeirou yrengchalei.

• Wáisa cheembungra kheengbāngbi phóulak khoulei.
• Heembaoril dongalo, cha-put Kāri doura theibānglakalo.

Maringayei tloura verb le maryom suffixrap bei hutlha hoini myethutlei:

Khou:                     myethutkhou,

Ri:                           kyunri, wawanungri,

Me:                         toume, churme, lhoume,

Khoupi:                 kantomkhoupi,

Ni:                           Mothilni, Korungni,

Lei:                         yaolei, leilei, khoulei,

Yerlei:                    phayerlei, muyerlei,

Khoubi:                 puk-khoubi, wakhoubi,

Pikur:                     marchalpikur, min phukpikur,

Bini:                       yenyoubini, waiyoubini,

Yernei:                   kna reiyernei, muyernei,

Pinei:                      marnopinei,

Nei:                         kulpaonei, yunei, wanei, puknei, uklumnei,

Tholei:                   yuntholei, watholei,

Khouna:                sonkhouna, leikhouna,

Waiyei:                  heiwaiyei, kheen heiwaiyei,

Durbini:                 hatdurbini,

Thutnei:                 katringthutnei,

Lhākbi:                  myelhākbi, khinglhākbi,

Pilei:                       shunpilei, mayungpilei,

Bi:                           markumbi, shunmtubi,

Pi:                           kalhonpi, urpi,

Nung:                     leiyeinung,

Kurla/wurla:         muwurla, chawurla, myekkurla,

Yernimaknei:       muyernimaknei, wayernimaknei,

Wurnanung:         karkhaiwurnanung,

Kur:                        shunchakur, umkur,

Lo:                          chimaklo, hungalo,

Rou:                       pukrou, warou, charou,

Pirou:                     urpirou, toupirou,

Wurkhou/durkhou: shunthutdurkhou, touwurkhou,

Yernanung:           hungdayernanung, hunglhungyernanung,

Weirou/keirou/deirou: pukkeirou, daweirou, shunthutdeirou,

Pikurnakni:           churtrungpikurnakni, shunpikurnakni,

Lhākbini:              ruilhākbini, khinglhākbini,

Bangyen:              pukbangyen, phabangyen,

Pinanung:              churtrungpinanung, shunchapinanung,

Pinanungei:           shunthutpinanungei,

Thunglei:               manthunthunglei,

Weime/meime/yeime: lhoubammeime, uipaweime, halpuiyeime,

Wurla:                    mutpiwurla,

Wurkhoula:          piwurkhoula,

Piwurbi:                 ungpiwurbi, mutpiwurbi,

Yerkur:                  hoiyerkur,

Pibi:                        malungshipibi, kringpibi,

Niyasu:                  hoiniyasu,

Yerniyasu:            hoiyerniyasu,

Yeinung:                shunchayeinung,

Nanungei:             maninanungei,

Kni:                        murilkni, wayer´kni,

Bamthuk:             mubamthuk, churbamthuk,

Pila:                        muyerpila, khulbāngpila,

Nungkhi:               ainungkhi, muwanungkhi, chawanungkhi,

Wurchiya:             hoiwurchiya, wawurchiya,

Wurchila:              muwurchila, thutdurchila,

Rillei:                      churrillei, warillei,

Leihui:                   leileihui, chaleihui,

Yerleihui:               touyerleihui, chayerleihui,

Leiko?                    waleiko? lahleiko?

Yerkna:                 dayerkna, dongyerkna, muyerkna,

Roukyou:              charoukyou, hungroukyou,

La:                          marnola, churla, manla,

Wura:                     wawura, chawura,

Tomni:                   mintomni, aitamtomni,

Chilei:                    yaochilei, muchilei,

Dui:                        lhangaidui, chungdui,

Lanungri:              urthutlanungri,

Lari:                       heisi yunlari chanthunga´khma,

Roudawa:             kakhi waroudawa, asi touroudawa,

Tang:                     mittang, minamtang,

Chok:                     yunchok, yaichok, touchok, thunchok anakshi.

Maringa tloura lilkhoini verb ā khnitam thukni khaithutlei. Heiri

                (1) Affixation le  

                (2) Compounding.

Affixation: Affixrapni rootra doplhākbi sim verb heiya affixation verb toubi ungrou.

• Cha+lei                  = Chalei
• Cha+la                   = Chala
• Cha+lei+hui                                                          = Chaleihui.
• Napawa douwa heini bol (ball) hei mthuilei   = mthui + lei.
• Angkhulni tāri tangkhunglei                              = tangkhung + lei.

Compounding: Rootra nimanung verbra nimanung dei tloulhāngrapra doplhākbi sim verb heiya compounding verb toubi ungrou.

• Pi + cha + lei                                         = Pichalei
• Pi + cha + la                                          = Pichala
• Pi + cha + lei + hui                               = Pichaleihui.
• Nang kousi ningchaleiyo?                     = Ning + cha + lei + yo
• Mulcha leiyalo                                     = Lei + ya + lo.

Churnung lhou:

Q1.          Verb kouya ungo? Aiyei limrap myebi pilak.

Q2.          Dākrei pi sentencerap ayei verb urthutlak:

                (a). Modunni yakhu ngālril thrällei.

                (b). Thleishāra tatthrambi (tatm′thrambi) cheembungra kamaklo.

                (c). Sai hei hutbor khat chāpbi thleira thrèsundalak.

                (d). Thleira omnei rulmanthini aya chikkur.

                (e). Wapuiwini yúi phyuilei.

                (f). Douwa khumdoura ipnanung phneiwurlak.